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RANCHO
: (Venezuela) is a house placed illegally on an invaded piece of land. A
rancho houses one or more families and grows constantly, depending on their
economical situation. Frequently the rancho starts as one room made out
of cardboard, built by its dwellers, generally use just to reserve a lot
of land in the new settlement, and in time (years) cans evolve to a house
with many floors in brick and concrete, built by builders from the community,
or from some neighbor community, on the dwellersÕ request. |
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BARRIO
: (Venezuela) Is the name given to the spontaneous urban settlements composed
by ranchos. These communities are the poorest areas of the Venezuelan cities,
and in the present they constitute the main and most notorious part of its
urban landscapes. The last demographic cense done in Venezuela, in 1990,
pointed out that more than 61% of its urban population live in barrios de
ranchos. Barrios are constructed progressively, frequently over terrains
with hard natural conditions, out of legal regulations and without any kind
of urban planning, having its own residents as principal developers, which
is traduced in a general condition of deficiency, specially referred to
roads and public services availability. In time, some established barrios
achieve to have running water, electricity, schools and can be compare to
formal neighborhoods. |
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INSTALACIONES
DE SERVICIO : (Venezuela) is the infrastructure
of commodities (as electricity or water) supplied by the government and/or
private companies, as a business, to members of a community. In barrios
de ranchos (Venezuelan spontaneous urban settlements) most of the initial
settings of these commodities have been done, out of regulation, by the
community members, commonly by connecting wires or pipes from their houses
to the city's infrastructure, obtaining poor or irregular services. Some
established barrios began with this informal situation and in time have
establish a more formal relationship with the companies that provide the
commodities, so they pay some money from time to time and get a better service.
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BUHONERO
: (Venezuela) any kind of street vendor, who sells merchandise on public
areas (as sidewalks, squares or the highway). La buhoneria is an informal
work, directly related to some of the most important problems of the Venezuelan
cities (overpopulation, unemployment and low salaries). Quite commonly many
buhoneros (offering any kind of merchandise) work in the same area, giving
shape to invasive and illegal street markets. |
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MERCADO
: -market- is a (generally) legal association of vendors that trade any
kind of merchandise indoors or outdoors. In Caracas we can find big general
markets, where one can find everything, from food to household and clothes,
as well as specialized markets, like clothes markets, bargains markets or
ethnic markets. Most of the ethnic markets in Caracas (Chinese, Peruvian,
Colombian) are meeting points for their communities, giving to these minorities
a place in the city. |